Prémio Nobel da Medicina 2010

Britain's Robert Edwards, the "father of the test tube baby", won the 2010 Nobel Prize for Medicine on Monday for his work on in-vitro fertilisation, a "milestone" in medicine, the Nobel jury said.

"His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility, a medical condition afflicting a large proportion of humanity including more than 10 per cent of all couples worldwide," the Nobel Assembly at the Swedish Karolinska Institute said.

Edwards, 85, won the prestigious prize for his work on in-vitro fertilisation (IVF), which has helped millions of infertile couples to have a child.

Prémio Nobel da Medicina 2009

Americans Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak won the 2009 Nobel Prize in medicine on Monday for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer.

The trio solved the mystery of how chromosomes, the rod-like structures that carry DNA, protect themselves from degrading when cells divide.

The Nobel citation said the laureates found the solution in the ends of the chromosomes — features called telomeres that are often compared to the plastic tips at the end of shoe laces that keep those laces from unraveling.

Prémio Nobel da Medicina 2007

Fonte: aqui.

The 2007 Nobel Prize in Medicine was just awarded to three distinguished researchers who have devoted their professional lives to the study of genetics -- for the purpose of finding therapies and cures for hundreds of disorders and diseases.

The 2007 Nobel winners, Mario R. Capecchi, 70, of the University of Utah; Oliver Smithies, 82, of the University of North Carolina; and Sir Martin J. Evans, 66, of Cardiff University in Wales - worked independently, but their research overlapped greatly. Many other geneticists contributed to the state of the art, but the discoveries of Capecchi, Smithies, and Evans are considered watershed.

O que fizeram os laureados em 2007, para o progresso da Medicina:

1. Targeted genes responsible for specific diseases and disorders.
2. Re-combined diseased genes with normal genes to treat or eliminate specific disease.
3. Established that healthy embryonic stem cells (ES) are the only genes that can positively affect the inheritance factor in disease.